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設定オプション

etcdの設定ファイル、フラグ、環境変数

etcdは、次の方法で設定できます。

警告

注意:設定方法を組み合わせた場合は、次の規則が適用されます。

  • コマンドラインフラグは環境変数より優先されます。
  • 設定ファイルを指定すると、すべてのコマンドラインフラグと環境変数は無視されます。

コマンドラインフラグ

以下では、フラグを--flag-name DEFAULT_VALUEの形式で示します。

注記

この取り込み済みリファレンスには、移行の背景として一部の旧v2オプションを残しています。etcd 3.7では、--enable-v2とv2プロキシーモードは利用できません。非推奨の--v2-deprecationフラグはユーザーの指定を無視し、デフォルト値を強制します。旧オプションを使う前に、インストールしたバージョンのetcd --helpを確認してください。

開発による変更が続いているため、以下のフラグ一覧は最新でない場合があります。利用可能な最新のフラグは、etcd --helpを実行するか、etcdのヘルプ を参照してください。

注記

注記:v3.7で新規追加、更新、非推奨となったフラグの詳細は、CHANGELOG-3.7.md を参照してください。

メンバー

--name 'default'
  Human-readable name for this member.
--data-dir '${name}.etcd'
  Path to the data directory.
--wal-dir ''
  Path to the dedicated wal directory.
--snapshot-count '10000'
  Number of committed transactions to trigger a snapshot to disk.
--heartbeat-interval '100'
  Time (in milliseconds) of a heartbeat interval.
--election-timeout '1000'
  Time (in milliseconds) for an election to timeout. See tuning documentation for details.
--initial-election-tick-advance 'true'
  Whether to fast-forward initial election ticks on boot for faster election.
--listen-peer-urls 'http://localhost:2380'
  List of URLs to listen on for peer traffic.
--listen-client-urls 'http://localhost:2379'
  List of URLs to listen on for client grpc traffic and http as long as --listen-client-http-urls is not specified.
--listen-client-http-urls ''
  List of URLs to listen on for http only client traffic. Enabling this flag removes http services from --listen-client-urls.
--max-snapshots '5'
  Maximum number of snapshot files to retain (0 is unlimited).
--max-wals '5'
  Maximum number of wal files to retain (0 is unlimited).
--memory-mlock
  Enable to enforce etcd pages (in particular bbolt) to stay in RAM.
--quota-backend-bytes '0'
  Raise alarms when backend size exceeds the given quota (0 defaults to low space quota).
--backend-bbolt-freelist-type 'map'
  BackendFreelistType specifies the type of freelist that boltdb backend uses(array and map are supported types).
--backend-batch-interval ''
  BackendBatchInterval is the maximum time before commit the backend transaction.
--backend-batch-limit '0'
  BackendBatchLimit is the maximum operations before commit the backend transaction.
--max-txn-ops '128'
  Maximum number of operations permitted in a transaction.
--max-request-bytes '1572864'
  Maximum client request size in bytes the server will accept.
--grpc-keepalive-min-time '5s'
  Minimum duration interval that a client should wait before pinging server.
--grpc-keepalive-interval '2h'
  Frequency duration of server-to-client ping to check if a connection is alive (0 to disable).
--grpc-keepalive-timeout '20s'
  Additional duration of wait before closing a non-responsive connection (0 to disable).
--socket-reuse-port 'false'
  Enable to set socket option SO_REUSEPORT on listeners allowing rebinding of a port already in use.
--socket-reuse-address 'false'
  Enable to set socket option SO_REUSEADDR on listeners allowing binding to an address in TIME_WAIT state.

クラスタリング

--initial-advertise-peer-urls 'http://localhost:2380'
  List of this member's peer URLs to advertise to the rest of the cluster.
--initial-cluster 'default=http://localhost:2380'
  Initial cluster configuration for bootstrapping.
--initial-cluster-state 'new'
  Initial cluster state ('new' or 'existing').
--initial-cluster-token 'etcd-cluster'
  Initial cluster token for the etcd cluster during bootstrap.
  Specifying this can protect you from unintended cross-cluster interaction when running multiple clusters.
--advertise-client-urls 'http://localhost:2379'
  List of this member's client URLs to advertise to the public.
  The client URLs advertised should be accessible to machines that talk to etcd cluster. etcd client libraries parse these URLs to connect to the cluster.
--discovery ''
  Discovery URL used to bootstrap the cluster.
--discovery-fallback 'proxy'
  Expected behavior ('exit' or 'proxy') when discovery services fails.
  "proxy" supports v2 API only.
--discovery-proxy ''
  HTTP proxy to use for traffic to discovery service.
--discovery-srv ''
  DNS srv domain used to bootstrap the cluster.
--discovery-srv-name ''
  Suffix to the dns srv name queried when bootstrapping.
--strict-reconfig-check 'true'
  Reject reconfiguration requests that would cause quorum loss.
--pre-vote 'true'
  Enable the raft Pre-Vote algorithm to prevent disruption when a node that has been partitioned away rejoins the cluster.
--auto-compaction-retention '0'
  Auto compaction retention length. 0 means disable auto compaction.
--auto-compaction-mode 'periodic'
  Interpret 'auto-compaction-retention' one of: periodic|revision. 'periodic' for duration based retention, defaulting to hours if no time unit is provided (e.g. '5m'). 'revision' for revision number based retention.
--enable-v2 'false'
  Accept etcd V2 client requests. Deprecated and to be decommissioned in v3.6.
--v2-deprecation 'not-yet'
  Phase of v2store deprecation. Allows to opt-in for higher compatibility mode.
  Supported values:
    'not-yet'                // Issues a warning if v2store have meaningful content (default in v3.5)
    'write-only'             // Custom v2 state is not allowed (default in v3.6 and v3.7)
    'write-only-skip-check'  // Custom v2 state is not supported and, if present, will be ignored (available in v3.5.32+, v3.6.13+, and v3.7.0+). Use this option at your own risk.
    'write-only-drop-data'   // Custom v2 state will get DELETED ! (planned default in v3.8)
    'gone'                   // v2store is not maintained any longer.

セキュリティー

--cert-file ''
  Path to the client server TLS cert file.
--key-file ''
  Path to the client server TLS key file.
--client-cert-auth 'false'
  Enable client cert authentication.
  It's recommended to enable client cert authentication to prevent attacks from unauthenticated clients (e.g. CVE-2023-44487), especially when running etcd as a public service.
--client-crl-file ''
  Path to the client certificate revocation list file.
--client-cert-allowed-hostname ''
  Comma-separated list of SAN hostnames for client cert authentication.
--trusted-ca-file ''
  Path to the client server TLS trusted CA cert file.
  Note setting this parameter will also automatically enable client cert authentication no matter what value is set for `--client-cert-auth`.
--auto-tls 'false'
  Client TLS using generated certificates.
--peer-cert-file ''
  Path to the peer server TLS cert file.
--peer-key-file ''
  Path to the peer server TLS key file.
--peer-client-cert-auth 'false'
  Enable peer client cert authentication.
  It's recommended to enable peer client cert authentication to prevent attacks from unauthenticated forged peers (e.g. CVE-2023-44487).
--peer-trusted-ca-file ''
  Path to the peer server TLS trusted CA file.
--peer-cert-allowed-cn ''
  Comma-separated list of allowed CNs for inter-peer TLS authentication.
--peer-cert-allowed-hostname ''
  Comma-separated list of allowed SAN hostnames for inter-peer TLS authentication.
--peer-auto-tls 'false'
  Peer TLS using self-generated certificates if --peer-key-file and --peer-cert-file are not provided.
--self-signed-cert-validity '1'
  The validity period of the client and peer certificates that are automatically generated by etcd when you specify ClientAutoTLS and PeerAutoTLS, the unit is year, and the default is 1.
--peer-crl-file ''
  Path to the peer certificate revocation list file.
--cipher-suites ''
  Comma-separated list of supported TLS cipher suites between client/server and peers (empty will be auto-populated by Go).
--cors '*'
  Comma-separated whitelist of origins for CORS, or cross-origin resource sharing, (empty or * means allow all).
--host-whitelist '*'
  Acceptable hostnames from HTTP client requests, if server is not secure (empty or * means allow all).
--tls-min-version 'TLS1.2'
  Minimum TLS version supported by etcd.
--tls-max-version ''
  Maximum TLS version supported by etcd (empty will be auto-populated by Go).

認証

--auth-token 'simple'
  Specify a v3 authentication token type and its options ('simple' or 'jwt').
--bcrypt-cost 10
  Specify the cost / strength of the bcrypt algorithm for hashing auth passwords. Valid values are between 4 and 31.
--auth-token-ttl 300
  Time (in seconds) of the auth-token-ttl.

プロファイリングと監視

--enable-pprof 'false'
  Enable runtime profiling data via HTTP server. Address is at client URL + "/debug/pprof/"
--metrics 'basic'
  Set level of detail for exported metrics, specify 'extensive' to include server side grpc histogram metrics.
--listen-metrics-urls ''
  List of URLs to listen on for the metrics and health endpoints.

ログ

--logger 'zap'
  Currently only supports 'zap' for structured logging.
--log-outputs 'default'
  Specify 'stdout' or 'stderr' to skip journald logging even when running under systemd, or list of comma separated output targets.
--log-level 'info'
  Configures log level. Only supports debug, info, warn, error, panic, or fatal.
--log-format 'json'
  Configures log format. Only supports json, console.
--enable-log-rotation 'false'
  Enable log rotation of a single log-outputs file target.
--log-rotation-config-json '{"maxsize": 100, "maxage": 0, "maxbackups": 0, "localtime": false, "compress": false}'
  Configures log rotation if enabled with a JSON logger config. MaxSize(MB), MaxAge(days,0=no limit), MaxBackups(0=no limit), LocalTime(use computers local time), Compress(gzip)".
--warning-unary-request-duration '300ms'
  Set time duration after which a warning is logged if a unary request takes more than this duration.
注記

注記:v3.7では、複数の--experimental-*フラグが安定版に昇格、または改名されています。 非推奨のフラグは、以下に記載する対応する安定版のフラグに必ず置き換えてください。

分散トレーシング

--enable-distributed-tracing 'false'
  Enable distributed tracing.
--distributed-tracing-address 'localhost:4317'
  Distributed tracing collector address.
--distributed-tracing-service-name 'etcd'
  Distributed tracing service name, must be the same across all etcd instances.
--distributed-tracing-instance-id ''
  Distributed tracing instance ID, must be unique for each etcd instance.
--distributed-tracing-sampling-rate '0'
  Number of samples to collect per million spans for distributed tracing.

v2プロキシー

警告

v2プロキシーはv3.7より前に削除されました。以下のフラグは、過去の移行の参考資料としてのみ残しており、etcd v3.7サーバーに指定してはいけません。

--proxy 'off'
  Proxy mode setting ('off', 'readonly' or 'on').
--proxy-failure-wait 5000
  Time (in milliseconds) an endpoint will be held in a failed state.
--proxy-refresh-interval 30000
  Time (in milliseconds) of the endpoints refresh interval.
--proxy-dial-timeout 1000
  Time (in milliseconds) for a dial to timeout.
--proxy-write-timeout 5000
  Time (in milliseconds) for a write to timeout.
--proxy-read-timeout 0
  Time (in milliseconds) for a read to timeout.

機能

--corrupt-check-time '0s'
  Duration of time between cluster corruption check passes.
--compact-hash-check-time '1m'
  Duration of time between leader checks followers compaction hashes.
--compaction-batch-limit 1000
  CompactionBatchLimit sets the maximum revisions deleted in each compaction batch.
--peer-skip-client-san-verification 'false'
  Skip verification of SAN field in client certificate for peer connections.
--watch-progress-notify-interval '10m'
  Duration of periodical watch progress notification.
--warning-apply-duration '100ms'
  Warning is generated if requests take more than this duration.
--bootstrap-defrag-threshold-megabytes
  Enable the defrag during etcd server bootstrap on condition that it will free at least the provided threshold of disk space. Needs to be set to non-zero value to take effect.
--max-learners '1'
  Set the max number of learner members allowed in the cluster membership.
--compaction-sleep-interval
  Sets the sleep interval between each compaction batch.
--downgrade-check-time
  Duration of time between two downgrade status checks.
--snapshot-catchup-entries
  Number of entries for a slow follower to catch up after compacting the raft storage entries.

フィーチャーゲート

--feature-gates=AllAlpha=true|false
  Enables or disables all alpha features. Default is false.
--feature-gates=AllBeta=true|false
  Enables or disables all beta features. Default is false.
--feature-gates=CompactHashCheck=true
  Enables leader to periodically check follower compaction hashes.
  Replaces: --experimental-compact-hash-check-enabled
--feature-gates=InitialCorruptCheck=true
  Enables corruption check before serving client/peer traffic.
  Replaces: --experimental-initial-corrupt-check
--feature-gates=LeaseCheckpoint=true
  ExperimentalEnableLeaseCheckpoint enables primary lessor to persist lease remainingTTL to prevent indefinite auto-renewal of long lived leases.
  Replaces: --experimental-enable-lease-checkpoint
--feature-gates=LeaseCheckpointPersist=true
  Enable persisting remainingTTL to prevent indefinite auto-renewal of long lived leases. Always enabled in v3.6. Should be used to ensure smooth upgrade from v3.5 clusters with this feature enabled.
  Replaces: --experimental-enable-lease-checkpoint-persist
--feature-gates=SetMemberLocalAddr=true
  Allows setting a member’s local address.
--feature-gates=StopGRPCServiceOnDefrag=true
  Enable etcd gRPC service to stop serving client requests on defragmentation.
  Replaces: --experimental-stop-grpc-service-on-defrag
--feature-gates=TxnModeWriteWithSharedBuffer=true
  Enable the write transaction to use a shared buffer in its readonly check operations.
  Replaces: --experimental-txn-mode-write-with-shared-buffer

安全性を保証しない機能

警告

警告:安全性を保証しない機能を使用すると、コンセンサスプロトコルの保証が損なわれる可能性があります。

--force-new-cluster 'false'
  Force to create a new one-member cluster.
--unsafe-no-fsync 'false'
  Disables fsync, unsafe, will cause data loss.

設定ファイル

etcdの設定ファイルは、コマンドラインフラグ名をキー、そのフラグの値を値とするYAMLマップです。 このファイルを使うには、--config-fileフラグまたはETCD_CONFIG_FILE環境変数の値としてファイルパスを指定します。

例は、etcd.conf.ymlのサンプル を参照してください。

注記

--grpc-keepalive-min-time、--grpc-keepalive-interval、 --grpc-keepalive-timeout、--backend-batch-interval、--corrupt-check-time、 --compact-hash-check-time、--compaction-sleep-interval、 --watch-progress-notify-interval、--warning-apply-duration、 --warning-unary-request-duration、--downgrade-check-timeなどの期間フィールドは、 コマンドラインフラグでは人が読みやすい文字列(10m、5sなど)を受け付けますが、 設定ファイルではナノ秒を表す整数値しか受け付けません。これは、 time.Durationが単なる整数としてアンマーシャルされる、Go標準ライブラリの既知の制限 です。

たとえば、設定ファイルで監視の進捗通知間隔を10分にするには、次のようにします。

# Correct: 10 minutes in nanoseconds
watch-progress-notify-interval: 600000000000

# Incorrect: will produce an unmarshal error
watch-progress-notify-interval: '10m'